A Case of Alteration Documents Examination Using Desorption Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry Imaging(DESI-MSI)Technology
Differences in handwriting composition are crucial for recognizing the existence of alterations in questioned document examination.The ambient ionization mass spectrometry is increasingly being recognized for its utility in detecting ink changes,due to its benefits such as high speed,rich information,minimal destruction of the sample.In this paper,the desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging(DESI-MSI),a prominent technique within ambient ionization mass spectrometry,was used to examine the suspicious handwriting to determine whether the document was altered.The authenticity of the number"1",suspected of being added to change"2"into"12",was scrutinized.The mass spectra of strokes of ink were obtained,and the suspicious"1"could differentiate from other numbers.Based on the MS data,the questioned part could be visualized through imaging,clearly demonstrating the evidence of tampering.Additionally,chemometrics were applied to cluster the handwriting composition data,aiding in the identification of the alteration fact.Compared with the traditional optical detection and spectroscopic method,DESI-MSI offered a more comprehensive analysis of the handwriting's material properties,showcasing its potential for practical application.This technique provides an innovative perspective for examining such cases.