The justification of deduction consists of the justification of any laws of deduction and that of any deductive systems.The justification of the laws of deduction should not presuppose that any laws of deduction are valid.The laws of deduction are forms,which do not presuppose that any law of deduction is valid.Since a form has a dichotomous relation to its contents or matters,the form can exhaustively cover or be filled with any content of the corresponding type.If a form is true regardless of the logic to which it belongs and whatever content it is filled with,it is a law of deduction and is valid,otherwise it is not a law of deduction and is invalid.The justification of any laws of deduction marks the partial justification of deduction.
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