The COVID-19 pandemic has changed people's lifestyles.Those who are isolated from each other have gradually become accustomed to communicating online,furthering the mediatization of society.The Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics,held without spectators after a year's postponement,presents a highly media-ted,symbolic,and globalized opening ceremony as a typical global-mediated ritual.This study finds that through the combination of local and global cultural symbols,the Tokyo Olympics presented four types of en-coding:global narrative and common interpretation,local narrative and confrontational interpretation,connec-tive narrative and negotiation interpretation,and inherited narrative and dominant interpretation.The study al-so finds that the use of these cultural codes deepened the audience's impression of Tokyo as the host city of the two Olympics,and demonstrated the self-confidence and unique cultural styles of Japan as a grand cultural na-tion.It also delivered the Olympic spirit of humanity,equality and diversity,evoking thoughts on the meaning of life in the post-epidemic era.Three lessons for cross-cultural communication can be drawn from this study:emphasize self-cultural cognition and pinpoint common interpretations;strengthen the rhetoric of national re-sponsibility and tell global stories in local language;and make use of non-linguistic symbols to reduce cultural discounts.
Tokyo OlympicsGlobal media ritualsSymbolic narrativeCross-cultural communication