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气候法的法典化表达

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气候领域立法碎片化已无法适应我国目前应对气候变化的现实需求,加之下位法与《应对气候变化法(草案)》已为气候法的法典化积累了一定基础,此二者也证明了气候法体系化的必要性与可行性.从立法的内容观之,宏观层面,气候法的法典化需要坚持以气候正义为基本的价值导向,围绕风险预防原则,减缓与适应并重原则,因地制宜、分类施策原则,公众参与原则进行.微观层面,气候法的立法应包括总量控制制度,配额分配制度,碳排放交易制度,登记清缴制度,监测报告核证(MRV)制度,气候风险评估、监测和预警制度以及应对气候变化的司法保障等构成.从立法的技术要点观之,应对气候变化立法应在"尽量法典化"的基础之上,坚持规范的适度体系化与适度完善,章节的布局应紧扣减缓与适应两条主线,强化国际合作,加快与国际制度、标准接轨.
Codification of Climate Law
The trend of legislative fragmentation in the climate field cannot meet China's current requirements in response to climate change.In addition,the lower-level law and the Draft Law on Climate Change have laid foundation for the codification of climate law.Thus,those above reflect the necessity and feasibility of the codification of climate law.Meanwhile,at the micro level,the legislation of the climate law should include the total amount control system,quota allocation system,carbon emission trading system,registration for surrendering allowances system,measurement,reporting and verification(MRV)system,climate change risk assessment and precautionary system and judicial guarantee in the field.On the technical points of legislation,law on climate change should be based on codification as far as possible and adhere to both moderate systematization of regulations and moderate development of codes.Moreover,the layout of chapters should be in accordance with two mainline ideas of mitigation and adaptation.Meanwhile,related authorities should strengthen international cooperation and accelerate the integration with international systems and standards.

climate changeClimate Lawcodification

曹明德、张楚涵

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中国政法大学民商经济法学院环境法研究所(北京100088)

气候变化 气候法 法典化

2024

新文科教育研究

新文科教育研究

ISSN:
年,卷(期):2024.(4)