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叙事学视角下"中国故事"的话语转场、建构与创新

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近年来,以"中国故事"之名的国际传播蔚然成风,产品内容丰富.讲好中国故事的对外话语和叙事体系如何建构?以此为核心问题,借助叙事学的理论框架,首先辨析叙事、故事、话语和新闻之间的逻辑关系,解析中国故事应具备"微观内涵"与"宏观象征"的双重价值,新闻媒体应具有"讲述者"和"传播者"的双重角色.其次,通过文献计量分析,发现"中国故事"研究和表述呈现出向政治领域的话语转场和新闻媒体的主体转向.由此,本文基于2020年以来国际传播获奖案例的分析,总结出"中国故事"的四种媒介叙事类型:发展、发声、发扬和发现.通过这些案例总结出主流媒体的国际传播实践存在着强内宣、弱转化,重讲述、轻传播,先产品、后界定等问题.最后,在加强国际传播能力建设的战略背景下,提出讲好中国故事的"五力"创新路径,包括锻造曲折婉转的情节,提升故事的吸引力;平行视点呈现人物境遇,提升故事的感染力;用数据支撑硬核选题,增强故事的说服力;打造话题与情绪的共同体,增强故事的表现力;通过递进和深度叙事,增强故事的引导力.
The Discourse Transition,Construction and Innovation of"China Story"from the Perspective of Narratology
In recent years,there has been a notable increase in the dissemination of media content internationally under the banner of the"China Story".How can we construct a robust foreign discourse and narrative system to effectively convey the essence of the China Story?This study,grounded in the theoretical framework of narratology,examines the intricate relationship between narrative,story,discourse,and news.It underscores that the China Story should embody dual values of"micro connotation"and"macro symbol,"requiring media to adopt dual roles as both"narrator"and"communicator."Furthermore,the discourse surrounding the"China Story"has undergone a transition from literary analysis to the realms of politics and media.Drawing upon an analysis of international communication case studies since 2020,this study identifies four main narrative types employed in telling the China Story:development,promotion,declamation,and discovery.However,it also observes shortcomings,such as neglecting translation and communication power and occasionally producing content before clearly defining it.To address these issues and effectively convey the China Story,this study proposes five improvement paths:introducing plot twists to enhance narrative appeal,presenting characters'perspectives in parallel to deepen engagement,incorporating data to bolster the credibility of key topics,leveraging emotional resonance to enhance storytelling expressiveness,and adopting a progressive narrative approach to enhance guidance effectiveness.By implementing these strategies,media practitioners can effectively communicate the multifaceted aspects of the China Story to global audiences.

China Storyinternational communicationnarratologymedia convergencediscourse

曾祥敏、杨丽萍

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中国传媒大学 电视学院,北京 100024

中国故事 国际传播 叙事学 媒体融合 话语

国家社会科学基金重大项目

22&ZD315

2024

传媒观察
新华日报报业集团

传媒观察

CSSCI
影响因子:0.241
ISSN:1672-3406
年,卷(期):2024.484(4)
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