From Late Qing Dynasty to the Beiyang Government Period(1895-1926),Shun Pao transformed from a Shanghai local newspaper into a national newspaper.This was largely the result of the north-south railway network.To be specific,there were three aspects.Firstly,Shun Pao spread from the treaty ports to the northern inland area Secondly,it operated branches alongside the rail lines,thus establishing a nationwide distribution network.Thirdly,it gathered news broadly and became an informed and influential high-quality newspaper,significantly influencing local newspapers in other regions.However,Shun Pao did not cover the entire territory of China in terms of both content and distribution.It originated from the Yangtze Delta,mainly circulated in the eastern and middle region,and its impact elsewhere was indirect.