"送你上热搜":算法权力、算法抵抗与用户战术
"Making you a trending topic":Algorithmic Power,Algorithmic Resistance,and User Tactics
皇甫博媛1
作者信息
摘要
算法权力的笼罩之下,涌现出一种自下而上的另类用户实践.这种识别并对抗算法系统的权力压迫形式即算法抵抗.从算法权力的理论脉络和德塞托的战术理论出发,论文考察普通算法用户如何通过特定的战术追求算法可见性并实现算法抵抗.基于对"南开大学举报事件"的微博文本分析和参与式观察,论文发现:算法用户采取加密、挪用、接力、拼装等战术对算法权力进行盗猎和抵抗,从而获得一种"游牧式"的自主权,算法抵抗也由此成为一种追求普遍正义的集体宣泄与社会抗争.其中,加密、挪用战术是对算法逻辑的再利用,接力、拼装战术则更具生产性,有可能为算法抵抗争取更大的话语空间与"出圈"的可能性.在平台技术可供性和主流结构的双重征用中,算法抵抗导向复杂的权力流变且维系艰难.尽管这种自发的算法抵抗有其先天不足和结构性困境,但仍有希望改写现有不平等的可见性资源分配格局,与自上而下的算法权力形成对峙.
Abstract
Under the shadow of algorithmic power,a bottom-up alternative user practice has emerged.This power struggle in identifying and combating algorithmic systems is called algorithmic resistance.Starting from the theoretical framework of algorithmic power and De Certeau's concept of tactics,this research investigates how ordinary users pursue algorithmic visibility and realize algorithmic resistance through specific tactics.Based on text analysis and participatory observation of an event at Nankai University,this research finds that algorithmic users use encryption,appropriation,relay,and bricolage tactics to poach and resist algorithmic power,thereby obtaining a nomadic autonomy.Algorithmic resistance has also become a collective catharsis and social struggle in pursuit of universal justice.Among these tactics,encryption and appropriation are the reuse of algorithmic logic,while relay and bricolage tactics are more productive in striving for greater discourse space for algorithmic resistance.In the dual incorporation of platform technological affordances and mainstream structure,algorithmic resistance leads to complex power differentiation and is difficult to maintain.Although this spontaneous algorithmic resistance has inherent shortcomings and structural difficulties,it is still hopeful to change the existing unequal distribution pattern of visibility resources to confront the top-down algorithmic power.
关键词
算法权力/算法抵抗/算法可见性/用户战术/德·塞托引用本文复制引用
基金项目
上海市教育发展基金会和上海市教育委员会"晨光计划"项目(23CGA32)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据