Canada's space-based infrastructure is vulnerable to cyberattacks of the kind already executed by states and non-state actors.In order to address the exposure to space-cyber threats now,Canada should strengthen cooperation with industry to initiate national space cyber efforts in terms of capabilities and governance;introduce national policies and regulations;adopt the standards and best practices of the United States and Germany;develop and acquire its own defensive capabilities and train a skilled and diverse space-cyber security workforce;encourage the establishment of a space-cyber security sector;and support commercial space companies in defending against space-cyber threats.These measures may turn risks into opportunities and safeguard Canada's place among the leading space and cyber nations.
space infrastructuredesign principlepolicyregulation