摘要
科技、产业、金融的良性循环是激发经济活力、实现创新驱动、推动新兴领域发展的关键举措,美国已建立了较为成熟的体系.本文采用文献梳理、调查研究、量化分析等方法,对美国政府支持科技、产业、金融循环的政策制度进行分析,并总结美国企业在主导产学研金融合、科研机构推动科技成果向经济价值转化、金融资本对产业科技创新长期支持等方面的经验.同时,以人工智能产业为例,从政府制度和典型企业入手,具体分析美国如何推动前沿技术的突破与应用.通过总结有益做法,本文认为我国应加强顶层设计,瞄准重点领域,明确主攻方向和核心突破口,以产业一线需求为导向进行产业链上下游"航母式"发展和生态式突破,并提高资本精准识别高价值、高发展潜力科技企业和技术成果的能力.
Abstract
The virtuous cycle of technology,industry,and finance is a key measure to stimulate economic vitality,achieve innovation-driven development,and promote the development of emerging fields,while the United States has established a relatively mature system.Using literature review,survey,and quantitative analysis,this paper discusses the policy system of the U.S.government to support the cycle of technology,industry,and finance,and summarizes the experience of the U.S.enterprises in leading industry-university-research-financial cooperation,research institutions in promoting the transformation of technological achievements into economic value,and capital's long-term support for innovation.At the same time,taking the artificial intelligence industry as an example,focusing on the government system and typical enterprises,this paper analyzes how the United States promotes the breakthrough and application of frontier technologies.By summarizing beneficial practices,this paper believes that China should strengthen the top-level design,clear the main direction and core breakthrough point by aiming at key areas,take the front-line demand of the industry as guidance for the ecological breakthrough of the industrial chain,and improve the ability of capital to accurately identify high-value and high-potential scientific and technological enterprises and technological achievements.
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