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废旧三元锂电池石墨负极电化学除杂及其性能研究

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  • 国家科技期刊平台
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随着新能源汽车迅速发展,动力锂离子电池应用越来越广泛,大量锂电池也迎来退役高峰期,废旧锂电池的回收综合利用引起各国高度关注.废旧锂电池石墨负极层状结构基本未变化,因此回收时不需高温石墨化,只需关注其内部杂质的去除.本文将废旧石墨负极进行热处理、超声分离和酸浸处理后,创新性地采用电化学处理将内部金属杂质深度去除.对比不同回收阶段的石墨,发现石墨中有机杂质的存在会严重影响各项电化学性能,微量Cu、Fe等无机杂质的存在对初始放电比容量影响不大,但会降低石墨的循环稳定性.最终回收的石墨内部主要金属杂质含量低于 20 mg/kg,在0.1 C倍率下放电比容量达到 358.7 mAh/g,循环 150 圈后容量保持率为 95.85%.对比已报道的废旧石墨回收方法,此方法可深度去除石墨负极内部杂质,解决了目前酸碱用量大、除杂不彻底、能耗高等问题,回收再生石墨负极电化学性能较好,为废旧锂电池石墨负极提供了一条新的回收再生路径.
Electrochemical methods for the removal of impurities from the graphite anode in spent ternary lithium-ion batteries
The use of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is becoming increasingly widespread,and a large number are reaching their end of life.The recycling and re-use of spent LIBs has attracted great attention.Because of the unchanged layer structure of the graphite anode in these batteries,their recycling does not require high-temperature graphitization,and only focuses on the removal of internal impurities.We used electrochemical treatment for the deep removal of internal metal impurities after the heat treatment,ultrasonic separation,and acid leaching of spent graphite.By comparing and analyzing the graphite in different recovery stages,it was found that the presence of organic impurities seriously affects the electrochemical performance.The presence of trace inorganic impurities such as Cu and Fe has little effect on the initial discharge specific capacity,but reduces the cycling stability of graphite.The content of the main metal impurities in the final recycled graphite was less than 20 mg/kg.The discharge specific capacity reached 358.7 mAh/g at 0.1 C,and the capacity remained at 95.85%after 150 cycles.Compared with the reported methods for recycling spent graphite,this method can efficiently remove impurities in the graphite,solve the current problems of high acid and alkali consumption,incomplete impurity removal and high energy consumption.The recycled graphite anode has a good electrochemical performance.Our work provides a new recycling and regeneration path for spent LIB graphite anodes.

Battery recyclingSpent graphiteElectrochemical impurity removalElectrochemical performanceEffect of impurities

张锐、田勇、张维丽、宋佳音、闵杰、庞博、陈建军

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深圳清华大学研究院,广东 深圳 518057

深圳清研锂业科技有限公司,广东 深圳 518057

电池回收 废旧石墨 电化学除杂 电化学性能 杂质影响

深圳市可持续发展专项深圳市可持续发展专项深圳市技术攻关项目广东省基础与应用基础研究基金

KCXFZ202002011006254KCXFZ20201221173214040JSGG201908221026071762020A1515011431

2024

10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60843-7

新型炭材料
中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所

新型炭材料

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.685
ISSN：1007-8827
年,卷(期)：2024.39(3)
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