摘要
低阶煤因其储量丰富、富含多环芳烃有机物、含碳量高、成本低等特点,被认为是炭材料的优质前驱体.然而,由于不同低阶煤的灰分、微观结构、界面的差异,导致了煤基炭材料结构、性能难以有效调控的问题.近年来,研究人员提出了低阶煤基炭材料微观结构、表界面调控的有效方法.本文重点总结了低阶煤制备吸附活性炭、电容炭、硬炭、石墨和纳米炭材料的差异化策略,进一步讨论了煤种和工艺对煤基炭材料的微观结构、界面特性和官能团种类等的影响.同时介绍了煤基炭材料在吸附、超级电容器和碱金属电池中的应用.最后,展望了低级煤基炭材料未来研究的方向和挑战.
Abstract
Low-rank coals are highly regarded as valuable precursors for carbon materials because of their ample reserves,high levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,substantial carbon content and cost-effectiveness.Nevertheless,challenges in precisely manipulating the structure and characteristics of carbon materials derived from low-rank coals stem from the differences in ash content,microstructure,and interfaces across various low-rank coal sources.Recent research has provided strategies for governing the microstructure and surface attributes of carbon materials derived from low-rank coals.This review provides an overview of strategies for the preparation of adsorption active carbon,capacitive carbon,hard carbon,graphite and nano-carbon materials from low-rank coals.It also examines the influence of coal type and processing techniques on the microstructure,interface properties and functional group in them.The applications of coal-derived carbon materials in adsorption,supercapacitors,and alkali metal batteries are explored,and potential avenues for future research and its challenges are considered.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(22379157)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(22179139)
山西省自然科学基金(20210302124101)
山西省重点研发计划项目(202202040201007)
中国神华能源股份有限公司神东煤炭分公司科技创新项目(E210100265)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据