Deep learning,as an emerging branch of machine learning,is dedicated to training computer systems to simulate human-like abilities in autonomous learning,judgment,and decision-making.It involves constructing complex neural network structures for analytical learning.The fundamental goal is to emulate the functionality of the human brain's neural network to interpret and process multimodal data.This paper takes image recognition as the starting point to discuss the application advantages and algorithms of deep learning in this field Through systematic research in this area,we gain a deeper understanding of the crucial role of deep learning in simulating human perception and cognition processes,providing profound insights for the continuous evolution of image recognition technology.