A Review of Disodium Carboxymethyl Trithiocarbonate Studies in Copper-Mo-lybdenum Separation
As a rare metal,molybdenum plays a variety of roles in industrial development and is indispensable for the development of the national economy,mainly from molybdenite.Molybdenite is often co-associated with chalcopyrite in copper-molybdenum deposits.In order to utilize the copper and molybdenum resources in copper-molybdenum deposits as comprehensively as possible,many miner-al processing methods are applied to separate copper and molybdenum,but flotation is still one of the most widely cited and cost-effec-tive methods.According to the differences in the nature of minerals in copper-molybdenum deposits,the general flotation principle pro-cess mainly includes preferential flotation process,mixed flotation process and equal floatable process,but the mixed flotation process is often used in industry.The mixed flotation process mainly inhibits the gangue minerals in copper and molybdenum ore through inhib-itors,then traps chalcopyrite and molybdenite through the trapping agent,and then brings out chalcopyrite and molybdenite through froth,which becomes froth product to get copper and molybdenum mixed concentrate,and then after pretreatment,the copper and mo-lybdenum mixed concentrate inhibits chalcopyrite or molybdenite through inhibitors to get molybdenum concentrate with grade above 45％,generally,the industry adopts the process of inhibiting chalcopyrite to trap molybdenite for copper and molybdenum mixed con-centrate.However,when using a mixed flotation process,in order to obtain a mixed copper-molybdenum concentrate,sulfide traps such as xanthate are often used.These traps adsorb on the surface of chalcopyrite,making the floatability gap between chalcopyrite and molybdenum,which originally had a small floatability gap,further narrow,thus leading to certain difficulties in sorting.In view of the problems faced in mixed flotation,researchers had done a lot of research work,for example,starting from the economic cost,the magnetic separation-flotation combination for copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate,removing chalcopyrite from copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate by magnetic separation,which improved the molybdenum grade in the mixed concentrate while reducing the pro-cessing capacity of the next flotation,and substantially saving the production cost.A lot of research works had also been done in pre-treatment,trying to de-mediate the treatment by physical or chemical methods,expecting to reduce the influence of flotation chemicals in the mixed flotation stage on copper and molybdenum separation.Disodium carboxymethyl trithiocarbonate(DCMT)was a small-mol-ecule organic compound which could be synthesized through organic substitution reactions using sodium sulfide and sodium thioglyco-late as raw materials.DCMT was a homopolar structure with two polar functional groups with one end being carboxylate and the other end being trithiocarbonate.The previous studies had shown that:(1)the inhibition effect of DCMT on chalcopyrite was better than that of sodium sulfide and sodium sulfide in terms of economy,environmental protection and flotation effect.Although the inhibition effect of DCMT on chalcopyrite was worse than that of sodium cyanide when used singly,and it was better than that of sodium cyanide in terms of economy and environmental protection.(2)The conclusions of current studies on the mechanism of how DCMT inhibited chal-copyrite were not uniform,mainly because there were different opinions on the way the functional groups-COO-and-CS3 of DCMT in-teract with the chalcopyrite surface.On the one hand,infrared spectrum FT-IR detection was somewhat different for whether-COO-group 2qw adsorbed on the chalcopyrite surface,which of course might be due to various reasons,and this deserves further study.For example,the different nature of the tested chalcopyrite led to the bias of the test results.On the other hand,the question about the con-figuration form of the adsorption of-CS3 functional group of DCMT on the chalcopyrite surface was still unresolved and needed further study.Finally,the reasons why DCMT was not yet widely used on copper-molybdenum sulfide ores were pointed out.On the one hand,the field environment was different from the laboratory and the field was more complex,which led to problems in the industrial applica-tion of DCMT.The study of the inhibition mechanism of DCMT on chalcopyrite was not perfect,and the theory could not be well ap-plied to guide its industrial application,and then there were the defects of DCMT in the preparation process,such as a slight odor in the configuration process.Accordingly,future research directions on DCMT in copper-molybdenum separation process were proposed:(1)Considering the influence of pulp environment on DCMT,such as dissolved oxygen,ion release and adsorption,in order to re-duce the difference between field and laboratory tests.(2)Further improving the copper inhibition mechanism of DCMT through elec-trochemistry and flotation coordination chemistry,so as to use the theory to guide practice.(3)Improving DCMT through molecular de-sign theory of drugs,to make it more advantageous in green and efficient,so as to promote the comprehensive utilization of copper-mo-lybdenum sulfide ore resources in China.
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