摘要
金属钼因低的热膨胀系数、高温强度、高弹性模量等特性,广泛用于航空航天、军工、石油化工以及核工业等尖端行业,是推动高科技领域发展不可或缺的材料.钼粉作为钼制品的基础原料,其物化性质与钼制品的性能密切相关.相比于普通钼粉,超细钼粉具有更大的比表面积、更高的活性以及更低的烧结温度.目前制备超细钼粉的方法主要有热还原法和热分解法,热还原法通过调整还原工艺达到阻止晶粒长大的目的;而热分解法的发展主要涉及到装备的升级改造与工艺的优化完善.本文着眼于超细钼粉的制备工艺、反应机理以及产物状态,重点分析了典型工艺的发展历程和技术特点,总结了超细钼粉制备技术的研究现状与进展,提出当前技术工艺所面临的问题以及未来的研究方向,以期为超细钼粉制备工艺的发展与工业化应用提供思路.
Abstract
Due to its low coefficient of thermal expansion,high temperature strength,high elastic modulus and other characteristics,molybdenum metal is widely used in aerospace,military,petrochemical and nuclear industries and other cutting-edge industries,which is an indispensable material to promote the development of high-tech fields.Molybdenum powder is the basic material of molybdenum products,and its physicochemical properties are closely related to the properties of molybdenum products.Compared with ordinary molybdenum powder,ultrafine molybdenum powder has larger specific surface area,higher activity and lower sintering temperature.At present,the main methods for preparing ultrafine molybdenum powder are thermal reduction method and thermal decomposition method.Thermal reduction method can prevent grain growth by adjusting the reduction process.The development of thermal decomposition method mainly involves the upgrading of equipment and the optimization of process.In this paper,focusing on the preparation process,reaction mechanism and product state of ultrafine molybdenum powder,the development process and technical characteristics of the typical process were analyzed,the research status and progress of the preparation technology of ultrafine molybdenum powder were summarized,and the issues in the current technology and the future research direction were put forward,in order to provide ideas for the development and industrial application of the preparation technology of ultrafine molybdenum powder.
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