Thermodynamic Analysis and Experimental Research of Germanium Metal Preparation by Carbothermic Reduction of Germanium Dioxide
The thermodynamic calculation and simulation of direct carbothermal reduction of germanium di-oxide for preparation of germanium metal and the verification experiments were carried out to explore the feasibility of short process preparation of germanium metal.Firstly,the standard Gibbs free energy change of each reaction in GeO2-C and GeO2-C-O2 systems was calculated.Secondly,the multiphase simultaneous equilibrium of the two systems was simulated.Finally,the reduction experiment was carried out with pure germanium dioxide and carbon powder as raw materials in an inert atmosphere at 900℃.The results show that in the inert atmosphere,the increase of temperature is conducive to the carbothermal reduction of GeO2 to produce GeO and Ge,and more carbon result in greater Ge yield.In the oxygen atmosphere,carbo-thermal reduction products of CeO2 include GeO and Ge.However,oxygen preferentially reacts with car-bon to produce CO2,which is not conducive to the control of GeO2 reduction process.The product of the reduction experiment is pure germanium metal with a direct recovery rate of 87.56%,which proves the feasibility of direct carbothermic reduction of germanium dioxide to prepare germanium metal.
germanium metalgermanium dioxidedirect carbothermal reductionthermodynamic calcula-tionreaction equilibrium simulationexperimental research
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