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新时代我国环境法风险预防原则的制度建构

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风险社会背景下,风险预防原则在国际环境法领域的国际习惯法地位逐渐清晰并巩固.为了维护国家生态安全,实现生态环境治理现代化,提升我国生态环境法律体系的协调性与科学性,实现当前生态环境法治改革的逻辑自洽,亟需将风险预防原则确立为我国环境法的基本原则.未来的环境法典中应当明文规定风险预防原则,其展开宜采总分模式.风险预防原则的三种强度版本是相辅相成、彼此衔接的有机统一体,灵活适用于不同类型的、严重的或不可逆转的且发生可能性应达到"合理怀疑"程度的生态环境风险活动.协商合作型生态环境风险规制模式耦合科学理性与社会理性于法律理性之中,将实体上生态环境风险共识的形成纳入程序性的法律制度过程,是生态环境风险规制现实可行的路径选择.
Institutional Construction of Precautionary Principle in China's Environmental Law in the New Era
In the context of risk society,the position as international customary law of precautionary principle is gradually clear and consolidated in the field of international environmental law.In order to maintain national ecological security,achieve modernization of eco-environment governance,enhance the coordination and scientificity of China's environmental legal system,and achieve logical coherence in the current eco-environmental legal reform,it is urgent to establish the precautionary principle as the basic principle of China's environmental law.In the future,the environmental code should explicitly proclaim the"precautionary principle",and its implementation should adopt a total score model.The precautionary principle only applies to the risk of eco-environmental damage.The three intensity versions of precautionary principle are complementary and interconnected organic unity that are flexibly applicable to different types of serious or irreversible eco-environmental risk activities with a possibility of occurrence that should reach a level of"reasonable suspicion".The negotiation and cooperation model of eco-environmental risk regulation is a feasible path choice for ecological environmental risk regulation in China,incorporating the formation of physical consensus on eco-environmental risks into the procedural legal system process and interlinking scientific rationality and social rationality into legal rationality.

precautionary principleeco-environmental governancelegal rationalityrisk regulation

李昌凤

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中共河南省委党校法学教研部

风险预防原则 生态环境治理 法律理性 风险规制

2024

行政与法
吉林省行政学院

行政与法

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.338
ISSN:1007-8207
年,卷(期):2024.(1)
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