Small nucleic acid drugs are small RNA molecules that act at the genetic level,including small interfering RNA,antisense oligonucleotides,nucleic acid aptamers,microRNA,etc.In the development of small nucleic acid drugs,there are challenges such as susceptibility to degradation by nucleases,short half-life,susceptibility to immune recognition in the bloodstream,and difficulty in transmembrane transport.The use of chemical and terminal modifications can enhance the anti enzymatic ability and stability of small nucleic acids,prolong their half-life,reduce immunogenicity,and improve targeting.The use of nucleic acid drug carriers can assist nucleic acid drugs in reaching lesions,increase targeting,and achieve lysosomal escape,thereby improving drug efficacy.Common carriers include viral vectors,liposomes,inorganic nanoparticles,polymer nanoparticles,and exosomes.This article reviews the research progress on modification and delivery technology of small nucleic acid drugs,and explores strategies to improve the efficacy and targeting of small nucleic acid drugs,in order to provide reference for the clinical application and translation of small nucleic acid drugs.
Small nucleic acid drugsChemical modificationEnd modificationSmall nucleic acid delivery carrier
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
