Objective:To investigate the treatment of rectal cancer incidence of anastomotic leakage after radical resection of clinical observation and analysis,to explore the causes, diagnosis methods and protective measures of statistical analysis, risk factors of anastomotic leakage. Methods: in our hospital in 2008January- 2014 year in February in our hospital 30 cases of anastomotic leakage in patients, analysis of transabdominal radical rectal cancer patients with clinical data, to observe the clinical condition of the patients with operation. Results: theincidence of anastomotic leakage was 9.68%. Conclusion: transabdominal anterior resection of rectal cancer postoperative anastomotic leakage occurredfor many reasons, through some preventive measures can reduce the postoperative incidence of anastomotic leakage. Conservative treatment cancure.