首页|六倍体小黑麦×六倍体小麦杂交后代中染色体遗传与结构变异鉴定

六倍体小黑麦×六倍体小麦杂交后代中染色体遗传与结构变异鉴定

扫码查看
原文链接
  • NETL
  • NSTL
  • 万方数据
  • 维普
六倍体小黑麦是普通小麦品种遗传改良的重要基因资源，可以拓宽小麦的遗传基础。本研究以六倍体小黑麦为供体向普通小麦转移黑麦染色质，以探明六倍体小黑麦×六倍体小麦杂交、回交后代的染色体遗传特性，为小黑麦种质材料的后续研究和利用奠定基础。以六倍体小黑麦 16 引 171 为母本，六倍体小麦川麦 62 为父本配制杂交及回交组合，利用非变性荧光原位杂交技术(non-denaturing florescence in situ hybridization，ND-FISH)对 F1、BC1F1 和 BC1F2 植株进行细胞学跟踪鉴定。结果表明，杂种 F1 回交结实率为 2。61%;BC1F1 植株 2R染色体传递频率最高;BC1F2 植株中黑麦染色体在后代的传递率为 6R>4R>2R，小麦背景中 5B-7B相互易位染色体在 BC1F2 植株中表现出严重偏分离。在 BC1F1 和 BC1F2 植株中观察到 24 种结构变异染色体，包括染色体片段、等臂易位染色体、易位染色体以及双着丝粒染色体，且部分BC1F2 植株的种子表现粒长和千粒重均优于六倍体小麦亲本川麦 62。因此，在利用六倍体小黑麦作为桥梁向普通小麦导入黑麦遗传物质时，应尽量采取多次回交的方式，使D组染色体迅速恢复，保证后代育性的恢复，同时关注染色体结构变异材料的潜在应用价值。
Investigation of chromosomal genetic characteristics and identification of structural variation in the offspring of hexaploid triticale×hexaploid wheat
Hexaploid triticale is an important genetic resource for genetic improvement of common wheat,which can broaden the genetic basis of wheat.In order to lay a foundation for the subsequent research and utilization of triticale germplasm materials,the chromosomal genetic characteristics of cross and backcross offspring of hexaploid triticale×hexaploid wheat were investigated in the process of transferring rye chromatin from hexaploid triticale to hexaploid wheat.Hybrid and backcross combinations were prepared with hexaploid triticale 16yin171 as the maternal parent and hexaploid wheat Chuanmai62 as the paternal parent.The chromosomes in root tip cells of F1,BC1F1 and BC1F2 plants were traced and identified non-denaturing florescence in situ hybridization(ND-FISH).The results indicated that the backcross setting rate of hybrid F1 was 2.61%.The transmission frequency of 2R chromosome was the highest in BC1F1 plants while the transmissibility of rye chromosome in BC1F2 plant was 6R>4R>2R,and the 5B-7B wheat translocation in BC1F2 plants showed severe segregation.A total of 24 structural variant chromosomes were observed both in BC1F1 and BC1F2 plants,including chromosome fragments,isochromosomes,translocations,and dicentric chromosomes.In addition,the seed length and 1000-grain weight of some BC1F2 plants were better than that of the hexaploid wheat parent Chuanmai 62.Therefore,multiple backcrosses should be adopted as far as possible to make the rapid recovery of group D chromosomes,ensuring the recovery of fertility in offspring,when hexaploid tritriale is used as a bridge to introduce rye genetic material into common wheat.At the same time,the potential application value of chromosomal structural variation materials should be also concerned.

hexaploid triticalehexaploid wheatchromosomal inheritanceND-FISHchromosome structural variation

杨漫宇、姚方杰、杨足君、杨恩年

展开 >

四川省农业科学院作物研究所,农业农村部西南地区小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,农业农村部天府种业创新重点实验室(部省共建),粮油作物绿色种质创新与遗传改良四川省重点实验室,成都 610066

电子科技大学生命科学与技术学院,成都 611731

六倍体小黑麦 六倍体小麦 染色体遗传 ND-FISH 染色体结构变异

四川省小麦育种攻关项目四川省财政专项项目四川省财政专项项目四川省科技计划项目四川省农业科学院项目资助

2021YFYZ00022021ZYGG-0032022ZZCX0032022ZDZX0014

2024

10.16288/j.yczz.23-212

遗传
中国遗传学会 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所

遗传

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.082
ISSN：0253-9772
年,卷(期)：2024.46(1)
  • 41