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Sex chromosome turnover and biodiversity in fishes
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The impact of sex chromosomes and their turnover in speciation remains a subject of ongoing debate in the field of evolutionary biology.Fishes are the largest group of vertebrates,and they exhibit unparalleled sexual plasticity,as well as diverse sex-determining(SD)genes,sex chromosomes,and sex-determination mechanisms.This diversity is hypothesized to be associated with the frequent turnover of sex chromo-somes in fishes.Although it is evident that amh and amhr2 are repeatedly and independently recruited as SD genes,their relationship with the rapid turnover of sex chromosomes and the biodiversity of fishes remains unknown.We summarize the canonical models of sex chromosome turnover and highlight the vital roles of gene mutation and hybridization with empirical evidence.We revisit Haldane's rule and the large X-effect and propose the hypothesis that sex chromosomes accelerate speciation by multiplying genotypes via hybridization.By integrating recent findings on the turnover of SD genes,sex chromosomes,and sex-determination systems in fish species,this review provides insights into the relationship between sex chromosome evolution and biodiversity in fishes.
Sex determinationSex chromosome turnoverGene mutationHybridizationSpeciation
Jingrong Wang、Wenjing Tao、Thomas D.Kocher、Deshou Wang
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Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China(CHONGQING)Science City,Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development(Ministry of Education),Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing,School of Life Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China
Department of Biology,University of Maryland,College Park,MD,USA
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