Mixed Ownership Reform,Transnational Technology Licensing and Social Welfare——A Research Based on Mixed Oligopoly Model
Transnational technology licensing is of great significance for developing countries to accelerate techno-logical innovation and leverage their latecomer advantages to achieve economic catch-up.Transnational technolo-gy licensing may have an impact on domestic market competition and social welfare.Many Chinese industries are in a mixed oligopoly competition pattern,and the different business objectives of enterprises with different owner-ship types may affect the licensing decisions,thereby affecting the level of social welfare.Furthermore,will the mixed ownership reform currently being promoted in China change the licensing strategy of foreign technology holders?And what impact will it have on the effectiveness of technology dissemination and overall social welfare?So far,there is little literature that provides answers to the above questions.Combining mixed ownership reform with technology licensing,this article constructs a mixed oligopoly model for a foreign technology holder who does not participate in market competition to engage in transnational technolo-gy licensing.It analyzes the optimal licensing objects and scope for the technology holder in both mixed monopoly and private monopoly markets,and compares the changes in the technology holder's licensing strategies before and after mixed ownership reform.At the same time,by comparing the domestic welfare levels in two markets,this study explores whether mixed ownership reform is conducive to unleashing the domestic social welfare effects of transnational technology licensing.Through analyzling the model,it is found that the optimal licensing range for the technology holder under any market structure depends on the cost gap between the public firm and the private firm,and degree of techno-logical innovation.There is an uncertainty about whether the privatization of public enterprises can improve the level of social welfare in a country during transnational technology licensing.Only when there is a significant cost gap or degree of technological innovation,privatization is conducive to improving the social welfare brought by transnational technology licensing.The research findings have certain practical implications for guiding the transnational technology licensing decisions of enterprises at the micro level,as well as for the formulation of technology introduction policies by the Chinese government and the promotion of mixed ownership reform at the macro level.Especially in combination of the current mixed ownership reform being promoted in China,this study shows that the reform does not neces-sarily bring about an improvement in the efficiency of innovative resource allocation.Therefore,the development of mixed ownership economy should comprehensively analyze the production technology environment of different industries and efficiency of enterprises,and prudently promote mixed ownership reform in order to promote the dissemination and application of advanced technology.In the future research,this paper can be expanded from the following two aspects.The first is to introduce the parameter reflecting the degree of privatization of public enterprises,further analyzing the impact of different degrees of mixed ownership reforms on the domestic welfare effects of transnational technology licensing.The sec-ond is to relax the assumption that discriminatory technology licensing is not allowed in the country,and compare the possible impacts of mixed ownership reform on social welfare when implementing different competition policies in the field of intellectual property.
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