摘要
星载激光探测载荷具有云、气溶胶垂直廓线的探测能力.国内外已有的载荷,例如美国Calipso卫星的Caliop雷达、国内"句芒号"卫星的多波束激光雷达和大气污染监测卫星的大气探测激光雷达,为单波束云-气溶胶探测,单次探测区域较窄.提出了多波束云-气溶胶探测激光雷达系统,该系统工作于800 km卫星轨道,采用多波束探测体制,扩展雷达的探测幅宽到30 km,中心波束采用双波长偏振探测获取大气气溶胶、云的垂直廓线和粒子种类,边缘波束采用单波长探测获取云垂直廓线,可极大地提高数据获取效率.采用单光子探测和模拟探测结合的探测方式,模拟探测保证探测的动态范围,单光子探测具有极高的探测灵敏度,降低雷达所需的激光能量,降低雷达的重量和功耗.最终通过模拟仿真,验证了星载多波束云-气溶胶探测雷达对典型云、气溶胶的探测效果.
Abstract
The space-borne laser detection system has the capability to detect the vertical profile of clouds and aerosols.Exist-ing payloads,such as the Caliop radar on the US Calipso satellite,the multi-beam LiDAR on the domestic"Goumang"satellite,and the atmospheric detection lLiDAR on air pollution monitoring satellites,are limited to single-beam cloud-aerosol detection with a narrow detection area.A proposed solution is a multi-beam cloud-aerosol detection LiDAR system that operates in a satellite orbit of 800 km and utilizes a multi-beam detection system to extend radar coverage to 30 km.The central beam employs dual-wavelength polarization detection for obtaining vertical profiles and particle species of atmospheric aerosols and clouds,while the edge beam uses single-wavelength detection for cloud profiling.This approach significantly improves data acquisition efficiency through simulation-based verification of dynamic range and high sensitivity single photon detections which reduce laser energy require-ments,as well as radar weight and power consumption.Finally,through simulation,the detection effect of space-borne multi-beam cloud-aerosol detection radar on typical clouds and aerosols is verified.
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