Integrated air-space-ground networks have the advantages of wide coverage,no geographical limitations,and high reliability,which can eliminate communication blind spots and meet the needs of users for anytime,anywhere access.Based on an overview of the architecture of integrated air-space-ground networks,it analyzes the main application scenarios of satellite-ground integration,including satellite backhaul and direct satellite connection for mobile phones.It summarizes the construction layout and operational models of integrated air-space-ground networks at home and abroad,and explores the future development direction of ground operators in integrated networks,which provides reference for the deployment of integrated networks by ground operators in China.
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