首页|Slowed driving-reaction time following concussion-symptom resolution
Slowed driving-reaction time following concussion-symptom resolution
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NETL
NSTL
万方数据
维普
Background:Concussed patients have impaired reaction time(RT)and cognition following injury that may linger and impair driving perfor-mance.Limited research has used direct methods to assess driving-RT post-concussion.Our study compared driving RT during simulated scenarios between concussed and control individuals and examined driving-RT's relationship with traditional computerized neurocognitive test-ing(CNT)domains.Methods:We employed a cross-sectional study among 14 concussed(15.9 ± 9.8 days post-concussion,mean ± SD)individuals and 14 healthy controls matched for age,sex,and driving experience.Participants completed a driving simulator and CNT(CNS Vital Signs)assessment within 48 h of symptom resolution.A driving-RT composite(ms)was derived from 3 simulated driving scenarios:stoplight(green to yellow),evasion(avoiding approaching vehicle),and pedestrian(person running in front of vehicle).The CNT domains included verbal and visual memory;CNT-RT(simple-,complex-,Stroop-RT individually);simple and complex attention;motor,psychomotor,and processing speed;executive function;and cognitive flexibility.Independent t tests and Hedge d effect sizes assessed driving-RT differences between groups,Pearson correla-tions(r)examined driving RT and CNT domain relationships among cohorts separately,and p values were controlled for false discovery rate via Benjamini-Hochberg procedures(a = 0.05).Results:Concussed participants demonstrated slower driving-RT composite scores than controls(mean difference = 292.86 ms;95％confidence interval(95％CI):70.18-515.54;p = 0.023;d = 0.992).Evasion-RT(p = 0.054;d=0.806),pedestrian-RT(p = 0.258;d=0.312),and stoplight-RT(p = 0.292;d = 0.585)outcomes were not statistically significant after false-discovery rate corrections but demonstrated medium to large effect sizes for concussed deficits.Among concussed individuals,driving-RT outcomes did not significantly correlate with CNT domains(r-range:-0.51 to 0.55;p ＞ 0.05).No correlations existed between driving-RT outcomes and CNT domains among control participants either(r-range:-0.52 to 0.72;p ＞ 0.05).Conclusion:Slowed driving-RT composite scores and large effect sizes among concussed individuals when asymptomatic signify lingering impairment and raise driving-safety concerns.Driving-RT and CNT-RT measures correlated moderately but not statistically,which indicates that CNT-RT is not an optimal surrogate for driving RT.
Mild traumatic brain injuryMotor vehicleNeurocognitive functionResponse timeReturn to driving
UGA Concussion Research Laboratory,Department of Kinesiology,University of Georgia,Athens,GA 30602,USA
School of Kinesiology and Recreation,Illinois State University,Normal,IL 61790,USA
Laboratory for Advanced Rehabilitation Research in Simulation,Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science,University of Kansas Medical Center,Kansas City,KS 66160,USA
We thank Diana Robertson(University of Georgia)for her assistance in data processing.This study was funded by the Office of the
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
维普
