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灾害应急响应中多源遥感数据国际共享服务研究

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  • NETL
  • NSTL
  • 万方数据
  • 维普
遥感技术在重大自然灾害应急响应中发挥了重要作用,然而现有基于遥感数据的全球应急响应机制仍存在数据共享不充分、启动程序复杂、响应效率低等问题,亟需建立一个高效稳定可持续的遥感灾害应急机制.本文系统梳理了多源遥感数据在灾害应急响应中的价值和当前国际重大自然灾害应急响应机制的不足,基于大规模多源遥感数据共享资源库和一站式服务协同方法,提出了中国GEO全球重大灾害数据应急响应机制理论框架,并在汤加火山喷发和土叙地震等灾害应急响应中实际应用.通过两个代表性应用案例可以看出,该机制从数据汇集、下载、分析和应用等多方面提升了灾害应急响应服务效率,有效补充了现有机制存在的不足.新机制启动程序简化,数据汇聚能力增强,灾情评估能力更专业,共享能力更精准,有望为国际社会提供稳定可持续的共享服务.
Research on International Sharing Service of Multi-source Remote Sensing Data in Disaster Emergency Response
Remote sensing technology has played an important role in the emergency response of major natural disasters.However,the existing global emergency response mechanism based on remote sensing data still has problems such as insufficient data sharing,complex start-up procedures,and low response efficiency.It is ur-gent to establish an efficient,stable and sustainable remote sensing disaster emergency mechanism.This paper systematically reviews the value of multi-source remote sensing data in disaster emergency response and the shortcomings of the current international emergency response mechanism for major natural disasters.Based on the shared resource database of large-scale multi-source remote sensing data and the one-stop service collabora-tion method,the theoretical framework of China GEO Collaborative network of Disaster Data Response(CD-DR)mechanism is proposed.It has also been applied in emergency response to disasters such as Tonga volcanic eruption and Turkey earthquake.Through two representative application cases,it can be seen that the mecha-nism has improved the efficiency of disaster emergency response services from various aspects such as data col-lection,download,analysis and application,and effectively supplemented the shortcomings of the existing mechanism.The new mechanism has simplified start-up procedures,enhanced data aggregation capabilities,more professional disaster assessment capabilities,and more accurate sharing capabilities,which is expected to provide stable and sustainable sharing services for the international community.

Multi-source remote sensing dataMajor natural disastersInternational sharing serviceDisaster Emergency responseCollaborative network of Disaster Data Response(CDDR)

王丝丝、刘志春、张景、张连翀

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国家遥感中心,北京 100036

中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京 100094

多源遥感数据 重大自然灾害 国际共享服务 灾害应急响应 全球灾害数据应急响应合作网络

全球空间遥感信息报送和年度报告工作专项(2019)澜沧江-湄公河合作专项中国科学院空天信息创新研究院自主部署项目

106026000000180002E2Z218010F

2024

10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2024.1.0198

遥感技术与应用
中国科学院遥感联合中心

遥感技术与应用

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.961
ISSN：1004-0323
年,卷(期)：2024.39(1)
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