Aiming at trajectory optimization problems in spacecraft formation flight,firstly,a variety of relative motion dynamics models are systematically reviewed,the characteristics of the models are classified and compared,and the trajectory optimization problem of formation is expounded considering the spacecraft movement environment and different solving methods.The general form of the problem is described based on the establishment of mathematical optimization models.The difficulties in the relative motion trajectory optimization of spacecraft formation flight are presented.The methods for solving trajectory optimization problems in spacecraft formation flight are summarized,specifically in the context of formation construction or reconstruction tasks.The advantages and disadvantages of these methods are analyzed,and commonly used mathematical optimization tools are presented.Finally,key technological requirements and important future directions for spacecraft formation flight are proposed,highlighting areas that warrant further research.