COMBINED EFFECTS OF HIGH-FAT DIET AND CONTINUOUS ILLUMINATION ON ARTERIOSCLEROSIS AND CARDIAC FUNCTION IN RATS AND POSSIBLE MECHANISMS INVOLVED
Objective To observe the effects of high-fat diet combined with continuous illumination on arteriosclerosis-related blood lipid indexes,aortic sclerosis and cardiac function in SD rats,and explore its possible mechanisms.Methods Thirty-two SD male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:Group A,control group(regular diet+normal illumination);Group B,continuous illumination group(regular diet+continuous illumination);Group C,high-fat diet group(high fat diet+normal illumination);Group D,high-fat diet combined with continuous illumination group(high-fat diet+continuous illumination).Rats were fed for 12 weeks.The differences in body weight,blood glucose(BS),fasting insulin(Ins),insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR),blood lipids[total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),triglyceride(TG)],arteriosclerosis-related blood lipid indexes[plasma arteriosclerosis index(AIP),atherogenic index(AI),lipoprotein combine index(LCI),non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(non-HDL-C),total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(TC/HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C/HDL-C)],and plasma inflammatory factors[tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL)were compared.At the same time,the morphological changes of aortic sclerosis were observed,and the protein and gene expressions of profilin-1 in aorta were analyzed.Cardiac function indexes[heart rate(HR),stroke volume(SV),cardiac output(CO),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and left ventricular short axis shortening rate(LVFS)]were observed.Results(1)The rats fed with high-fat diet combined with continuous illumination had the highest levels of body weight,Ins,HOMA-IR,BS and TC,LDL-C,and the lowest level of HDL-C.Among them,the body weight,Ins,HOMA-IR and TC were all higher in group D than in the other three groups(all P<0.05),the BS was higher than the control and continuous illumination group(all P<0.05),the LDL-C was higher than the control group(all P<0.05),and the HDL-C was lower than the control and continuous illumination group(P<0.05).(2)The rats fed with high-fat diet combined with continuous illumination had the highest levels of AI,LCI,non-HDL-C,TC/HDL-C,LDL-C/HDL-C,TNF-α and IL-6.Among them,the AI,non-HDL-C,TC/HDL-C and TNF-α were higher in group D than in the other three groups(all P<0.05),the LCI,LDL-C/HDL-C,IL-6 were higher than the control and illumination group(all P<0.05),and the AIP was higher than the control group(P<0.05).(3)In rats treated with high-fat diet combined with continuous illumination,HE staining showed that the aorta was the most severely damaged,and the thickness of the aorta wall was greater than the other three groups(all P<0.05),the expressions of profilin-1 protein and gene in aorta were higher than the other three groups(all P<0.05).(4)The rats treated with high-fat diet combined with continuous illumination had the highest HR(P<0.05).LVEF,LVFS and SV were the lowest.In addition,its CO was lower than the high-fat diet group(P<0.05).Conclusion High-fat diet combined with continuous illumination not only affects glucose and lipid metabolism but also impairs the integrity of aortic vascular wall and increases the expression of aortic profilin-1 protein and gene in rats.[ACTA NUTRIMENTA SINICA,2024,46(4):340-347]
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