Beating the Fault-Tolerance Bound and Security Loopholes for Byzantine Agreement with a Quantum Solution

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外文摘要：Byzantine agreement,the underlying core of blockchain,aims to make every node in a decentralized network reach consensus.Classical Byzantine agreements unavoidably face two major problems.One is 1/3 fault-tolerance bound,which means that the system to tolerate f malicious players requires at least 3f+1 players.The other is the security loopholes from its classical cryptography methods.Here,we propose a Byzantine agreement framework with unconditional security to break this bound with nearly 1/2 fault tolerance due to multiparty correlation provided by quantum digital signatures.It is intriguing that quantum entanglement is not necessary to break the 1/3 fault-tolerance bound,and we show that weaker correlation,such as asymmetric relationship of quantum digital signature,can also work.Our work strictly obeys two Byzantine conditions and can be extended to any number of players without requirements for multiparticle entanglement.We experimentally demonstrate three-party and five-party consensus for a digital ledger.Our work indicates the quantum advantage in terms of consensus problems and suggests an important avenue for quantum blockchain and quantum consensus networks.

作者：

Chen-Xun Weng、Rui-Qi Gao、Yu Bao、Bing-Hong Li、Wen-Bo Liu、Yuan-Mei Xie、Yu-Shuo Lu、Hua-Lei Yin、Zeng-Bing Chen

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作者单位：

National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and School of Physics,Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China

Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials and Micro-nano Devices,Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education),Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.34133/research.0272

研究(英文)

CSTPCD

ISSN：

年,卷(期)：2024.2024(3)