The construction of a subway shield tunnel crossing a river with short distance in a city is selected as the case.The finite element calculation model of three-dimensional dynamic shield tunnel construction is constructed by numerical simulation technology.The gravity field effect,stress-permeability coupling field and instantaneous rainfall influence of shallow-buried tunnel crossing the river are compared and analyzed.The results show that the deformation law of the stress-seepage coupling field model is closer to the actual deformation with the length of the shield crossing the river,indicating that the influence of the seepage stress field on the shield tunneling should be considered when the shallow-buried tunnel undercrossing the river.