目的 了解2016～2017年广西6～17岁儿童青少年营养状况,并利用中国健康膳食指数(China Diet Index,CHDI),评价其膳食质量,为后续开展营养干预工作提供依据.方法 选用2016～2017年中国儿童与乳母营养健康项目广西监测点中,737名具有完整3 d 24 h的膳食调查和体格测量数据的6～17岁儿童青少年,计算体质指数和CHDI得分,评价其营养状况及膳食质量.结果 广西6～17岁儿童青少年生长迟缓率为1.09％,消瘦率为3.80％,超重率为6.65％,肥胖率为4.88％.随着年龄的增加,超重率和肥胖率存在上升趋势(P＜0.05).汉族的超重率为8.75％,高于壮族及其他民族的4.15％(P=0.013).从地区上看,大城市超重率(17.14％)最高(P＜0.001),大城市和中小城市的肥胖率均高于其他地区,分别为8.57％和9.84％(P＜0.001).广西儿童青少年膳食质量合格的比例仅为7.60％,相较于男性,女性的CHDI得分更高(P=0.015).相较于壮族及其他民族,汉族的CHDI得分更高(P=0.002).不同地区CHDI得分由高到低依次为,大城市、中小城市、贫困农村、普通农村(P＜0.001).在CHDI各指标中,精制谷物(94.30％)、肉蛋类(94.17％)、纯食物能量供能比(85.07％)达标率较高,而水果类(5.97％)、钠(2.71％)、食物种类(1.22％)、饱和脂肪酸供能比(0.14％)达标率较低.结论 广西儿童青少年营养不良得到改善,超重率、肥胖率较高,总体膳食质量较差,膳食营养素摄入不均衡,且存在民族和地区差异,需加大营养干预力度,做好健康饮食的宣传教育工作.
Nutritional status and dietary quality assessment of children and adolescents aged 6～17 years in Guangxi,2016～2017
Objective To investigate the nutritional status of children and adolescents aged 6～17 years in Guangxi from 2016 to 2017 and evaluate their dietary quality using the China Diet Index(CHDI),so as to pro-vide a basis for subsequent nutritional interventions.Methods This study selected a total of 737 children and adolescents aged 6～17 years old with the complete data of 3-day 24-hour dietary survey and physical measure-ment from the Guangxi monitoring points of the project Nutrition and Health China Children and Lactating Mothers from 2016 to 2017.The body mass index and CHDI scores were calculated to evaluate their nutritional status and dietary quality.Results The prevalence rates of stunting,marasmus,overweight and obesity was 1.09％,3.80％,6.65％and 4.88％,respectively.With the increase of age,overweight and obesity rates ex-hibited an upward trend(P＜0.05).The overweight rate among Han people was 8.75％,higher than that of the Zhuang and other ethnic groups(4.15％)(P=0.013).In terms of region,the overweight rate was high-est in large cities(17.14％)(P＜0.001),and obesity rates were highest in large cities and small and medium-sized cities,at 8.57％and 9.84％,respectively(P＜0.001).Only 7.6％of children and adolescents in Guan-gxi exhibited qualified dietary quality.Compared to men,women had higher CHDI scores(P=0.015).The Han group had higher CHDI scores than the Zhuang and other ethnic groups(P=0.002).CHDI scores were highest in large cities,followed by small to medium-sized cities,poor rural areas,and ordinary rural areas(P＜0.001).Among the CHDI indicators,compliance rates were higher for refined grains(94.30％),meat and eggs(94.17％),pure food energy supply ratio(85.07％),while lower for fruits(5.97％),sodium(2.71％),food variety(1.22％)and saturated fatty acid energy supply ratio(0.14％).Conclusion While the malnutri-tion status of children and adolescents in Guangxi has improved,high rates of overweight and obesity persist,indicating poor overall dietary quality and imbalanced nutrient intake.Ethnic and regional disparities exist,un-derscoring the need for strengthened nutrition interventions and robust promotion of healthy dietary habits.
children and adolescentsnutritional statusdietary indexdietary evaluation
万方数据
维普
