首页|重思"夺回固定资本"——生成式人工智能和利润率的视角

重思"夺回固定资本"——生成式人工智能和利润率的视角

扫码查看
迈克尔·哈特和安东尼奥·奈格里认为,随着非物质劳动取得相对于传统劳动方式的霸权地位,资本增殖和资本主义社会的再生产日益依赖从事非物质劳动的劳动者,为不同形式的主体性革命实践开辟有利条件.鉴于此,他们号召劳动者"夺回固定资本",强调取得对非物质劳动产品和技能的控制权,以之与资本展开斗争.然而,方兴未艾的生成式人工智能对这种斗争方式的可行性构成严峻挑战:一方面,资本家能够通过将非物质劳动技能对象化到生成式人工智能,压制非物质劳动者的反抗;另一方面,生成式人工智能可以激活对利润率趋向下降起反作用的多种原因,从而巩固资本的统治地位.因此,结合生成式人工智能的技术进展和应用现状,重思哈特和奈格里的"夺回固定资本"思想,澄清其理论预设和现实界限,对于把握资本主义在人工智能时代表现出的最新特点和演变趋势,探索新的反抗资本的可能方式,具有重要的理论和现实意义.
Transitioning from Immaterial Labor Hegemony to Generative AI:Reassessing Hardt and Negri's Notions of"Taking Back Fixed Capital"
Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri posit that as immaterial labor assumes hegemony over traditional labor forms,capital accumulation and the perpetuation of capitalist structures increasingly hinge on immaterial laborers,thus fostering conditions conducive to subjective revolutionary endeavors.Building upon this premise,they advocate for laborers to"take back fixed capital,"emphasizing the reclamation of control over products and skills inherent to immaterial labor,thereby contesting capitalist domination.However,the advent of generative AI presents formidable challenges to the feasibility of this strategy:on one hand,capitalists can commodify immaterial labor skills through generative AI,stifling resistance from laborers;on the other hand,generative AI has the potential to activate diverse countervailing factors that impede the decline in the general rate of profit,bolstering capitalist hegemony.Therefore,it is imperative to critically engage with Hardt and Negri's concepts of"taking back fixed capital"in light of the latest developments in artificial intelligence,elucidating their theoretical assumptions and practical limitations vis-à-vis technological advancements and the deployment of generative AI.

张志鹏

展开 >

复旦大学马克思主义学院

非物质劳动 "夺回固定资本" 生成式人工智能 利润率

国家资助博士后研究人员计划

GZC20230512

2024

阅江学刊
南京信息工程大学

阅江学刊

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.313
ISSN:1674-7089
年,卷(期):2024.16(3)
  • 52