The Impact Assessment of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism on the Export Costs of Carbon-intensive Products in China:From the Perspective of Shared Carbon Emission Responsibility
The paper critically examines the rationale behind the European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism(CBAM),which aims to reduce the global risk of carbon leakage.Under the current production-based accounting framework,China has borne a disproportionate net inflow of carbon emissions and the associated responsibility for carbon emissions.The EU's CBAM further increases the costs for Chinese exporters of carbon-intensive products,effectively shifting the environmental burden that should be borne by EU companies to foreign countries,embodying a typical"beggar-thy-neighbour"trade policy.Using the Multi-Regional Input-Output(MRIO)model,the paper scientifically designs allocation coefficients to re-estimate the carbon emissions embodied in China's carbon-intensive exports and the resulting carbon tariffs from a shared responsibility perspective.The analysis compares the tax reduction effects under a shared responsibility model.The results indicate that under a responsibility-sharing approach,the carbon emissions embodied in exports and the carbon tariffs on carbon-intensive products are significantly reduced,effectively mitigating the impact of the EU CBAM on the export costs of Chinese carbon-intensive products.We recommend implementing a carbon responsibility-sharing mechanism through international multilateral coordination.In response to the EU CBAM,China should actively promote the low-carbon transformation of its industrial and trade structures,and improve the development of its carbon emissions trading markets.
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