Objective Investigate the prevalence,related factors,and ocular characteristics of pre-myopia in preschool children aged 3 to 6 years,providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of myopia in Chinese children and adolescents.Design Cross-sectional study.Participants A total of 1473 preschool children from kindergartens in Tongzhou District,Beijing,were recruited between 2021 and 2022.Methods Cycloplegic refraction was measured using an automated refractometer,and ocular biometric param-eters were examined using the Lenstar 900.Pre-myopia was defined as an equivalent spherical refraction(SE)of＞-0.50 D and ≤+0.75 D.Statistical analyses were conducted using chi-square tests,t tests,Spearman rank correlation,and binary logistic regression.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was used to determine the threshold values for diagnosing pre-myopia.Main Measure Outcomes Pre-myopia prevalence,refraction,axial length/corneal radius(AL/CR)ratio,and axial length.Results The average age of preschool children in the study,was(4.99±0.76)years,with 773 males(52.5％).The average SE was(1.23±0.90)D for all subjects in-cluded,and the prevalence of pre-myopia was 23.4％.No significant differences in prevalence of pre-myopia were found between males and females,different ages,or grades.Among ocular biometric parameters,the AUCR ratio showed the strongest association with pre-myopia(OR=1282516.4,95％CI:74224.2～22160548.9,P＜0.01),followed by AL(OR=2.2,95％CI:1.7-2.8,P＜0.01).The area un-der the ROC curve(AUC)for AUCR in diagnosing pre-myopia was 0.720,with a threshold of＞2.87.The AUC for AL was 0.673,with a threshold of＞22.54 mm.Conclusion The study indicates a high prevalence of pre-myopia among preschool children in northern China,with a possible increasing trend compared to previous data.Among the ocular biometric paramerers,AUCR ratio shows the strongest association with pre-myopia,followed by axial length.Shifting the focus of myopia prevention and control to the preschool period is cru-cial for reducing the prevalence of pre-myopia and effectively managing myopia in Chinese children and adolescents.(Ophthalmol CHN,2024,33:280-284)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
