西藏羊八井高温地热水砷和氟浓度及来源探析

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中文摘要：砷(As)和氟(F)是西藏羊八井高温地热流体中两种典型的高浓度有害元素,通过地热开发可以进一步促进与加速地热源As和F向地表或近地表环境释放,导致地表水和土壤环境污染.如何从As和F浓度分布特征联系水化学特征从而揭示水体As和F的富集规律,对丰富和认识西藏地区水环境中As和F的环境地球化学行为具有重要意义.本文结合野外调查现场测定了水体常规理化指标,包括水温、pH值、电导率(EC)、总溶解固体(TDS)和盐度(SAL),采用原子荧光光谱法和X射线荧光光谱法分别测定水体和土壤样品中的As浓度,离子选择性电极法测定水体和土壤样品中的F浓度,评价As和F超标风险,探析其富集机制.结果表明:水化学类型为Na-HCO3·Cl型,水体Na+浓度高达445.5mg/L,Ca2+浓度低至3.31mg/L,水体pH在7.87～9.42之间,富钠贫钙高pH是羊八井地热水和温泉水最主要的水化学特征.受水汽蒸发浓缩影响,温泉水As和F浓度高于地热水,两元素浓度最高分别达6.50mg/L和17.89mg/L.地热废水的不当处理存在水体和土壤As和F暴露风险,地热水和温泉水As和F浓度显著高于《地热资源评价方法》(DZ40-85)对有害成分规定的最高允许排放浓度(总砷为0.50mg/L,氟化物为10mg/L).而土壤中总As浓度为79.50～99.08mg/kg,F浓度为1162.70～1285.10mg/kg,显著高于西藏土壤背景值.地热水体和地表土壤As和F富集主要为水-岩浸溶相互作用,独特的水化学特征为水体As和F浸取溶出提供了有利条件.

外文标题：Concentrations and Sources of Arsenic and Fluoride in High-Temperature Geothermal Water from Yangbajing,Xizang

外文摘要：Arsenic(As)and fluoride(F)are two typical harmful elements with high concentrations in Yangbajing high-temperature geothermal water,and the release of As and F from geothermal sources to the surface or near-surface environment can be further promoted and accelerated through geothermal development,causing surface water and soil environmental pollution.To understand the enrichment mechanism of As and F in the geothermal water body,hydrochemical characteristics as well as the concentrations of As and F were investigated by water quality analyzer,atomic fluorescence spectrometry,X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,and ion selective electrode method.The results indicate that the main sources of As and F in geothermal water and surface soil are water-rock leaching interaction.Unique hydrochemical characteristics(Na-HCO3·Cl)with high concentration Na+(reach to 445.5mg/L),poor in Ca2+(as low as 3.31mg/L),and high pH(7.87-9.42)provided a favourable condition for the leaching of As and F in water.Affected by water vapor evaporation,the concentrations of As and F in hot spring water were higher than those in geothermal water and reached 6.50mg/L and 17.89mg/L,respectively.Notably,the total concentrations of As and F in waters were significantly higher than the maximum allowable emission concentrations for harmful components(0.5mg/L for As,and l0mg/L for F)in the Geothermal Resources Assessment Method(DZ40-85).Moreover,the concentrations of total As and F in the soils were 79.50-99.08mg/kg and 1162.70-1285.10mg/kg,respectively,significantly higher than the background values in Xizang soil.The BRIEF REPORT is available for this paper at http://www.ykcs.ac.cn/en/article/doi/10.15898/j.ykcs.202310260168.

外文关键词：

Yangbajing geothermal waterarsenicfluorideatomic fluorescence spectrometryX-ray fluorescence spectrometrywater-rock interaction

作者：

许耿、肖方景、崔小梅、布多、张强英

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作者单位：

西藏大学生态环境学院,西藏拉萨 850000

关键词：

羊八井地热水砷氟原子荧光光谱法 X射线荧光光谱法水-岩相互作用

基金：

国家自然科学基金青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(第二次)西藏科技厅中央引导地方科技发展资金项目中央支持地方高校改革发展计划

项目编号：

222660322019QZKK0603XZ202202YD0016C[2023]1号

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.15898/j.ykcs.202310260168

岩矿测试

中国地质学会岩矿测试技术专业委员会国家地质实验测试中心

岩矿测试

CSTPCD北大核心

影响因子：1.344

ISSN：0254-5357

年,卷(期)：2024.43(3)