Clustering analysis of time of flight(TOF)for tomographic evaluation of impact damage in composites based on K-means algorithm
Impact damage in carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)poses a significant threat to the structural safety of pressure vessels.It is crucial to conduct a detailed analysis of impact damage in CFRP for the quantitative analysis of damage in CFRP composite materials.A clustering analysis based on the K-means algorithm was proposed for time of flight(TOF)images obtained from ultrasonic C-scans.The TOF values were used in conjunction with the K-means algorithm to determine the layers associated with different clusters,enabling a layer-by-layer quantitative analysis of impact damage in CFRP.The proposed method was validated by applying it to TOF images of impact damage.Furthermore,to realize layer-by-layer analysis of impact damage in CFRP laminates with different total layers,numerous experimental data obtained by immersion ultrasonic C-scan experiments were analyzed.It demonstrates that setting the number of clusters K in K-means algorithms to 1.25 times the total layers can satisfy the layer-by-layer analysis of the damage.The TOF cluster analysis method can directly quantify the impact damage of each layup of CFRP laminates,which has important significance in engineering applications.
carbon fibre reinforced polymer(CFRP)impact damageK-means algorithmcluster analysis of TOF
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