The Origins of Confucianism from the Difference Between the Thought of Duke Zhou and that of Confucius
As the initiator of the ethical era of Chinese civilization,Duke Zhou developed his political-ethical thinking under the specific historical conditions of aristocratic estate economy.Although the idea of the"unity of the clan and the state"of Duke Zhou had a certain folk-oriented color,it was mainly a defense of the hereditary rule of a specific"Mandate of Heaven"family.The arrival of the family economy in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods was a real"great change not seen in thousands of years"for Chinese civilization,and it was this change that gave birth to Confucius'brand-new thinking on political ethics.Confucius advocated that the ethical principles of family life should be elevated to the level of an ideology of social life,and emphasized that the monarch should manage the state in the same way as the father manages the family.Confucius'thinking laid down the basic ethical pattern of Chinese later family-ethical society,and he thus became the supreme sage of Chinese civilization and the teacher of all generations.This discussion of the thinking of Zhou and Confucius suggests that the advent of the age of the family economy was the true root of times of Confucianism.
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