摘要
以云南省777个传统村落为研究对象,使用Arc GIS10.7工具,综合采用空间自相关、最邻近指数、标准差椭圆、核密度分析和地理探测器等多种方法,从自然、社会和文化三大维度探析云南省传统村落的空间分布特征及其影响因素.结果表明:(1)云南省传统村落空间分布上整体呈现出"滇西密、滇东疏、西北密、东北疏、东南密、西南疏"的分布格局.(2)云南省传统村落空间分布具有显著的指向性和集聚性,全省整体呈现出"三核状"分布格局,表现为集聚与分散相结合的分布形态.其中整体及局部指向性均为"西北至东南指向".空间分布集聚性上,高密度区主要分布于红河哈尼族彝族自治州(滇南)、保山市(滇西)、大理白族自治州和丽江市(滇西北).(3)自然、人文、社会和政策导向等因素的相互耦合作用形成了云南省传统村落的空间分布特征.水资源储量、人均GDP、道路通车里程、少数民族占比与文化多样性指数等是主要的影响因素.
Abstract
With 777 traditional villages in Yunnan as the research object,using Arc GIS10.7 tools,we analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages in Yunnan from three dimensions of nature,society and culture and their influencing factors by using a combination of methods such as spatial autocorrelation,closest-neighbor index,standard deviation ellipse,kernel density analysis and geodetic detector.The results show that(1)the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Yunnan presents a distribution pattern of"dense in western Yunnan,sparse in eastern Yunnan,dense in north-west,sparse in northeast,dense in southeast and sparse in southwest".(2)The spatial distribution of traditional villages in Yunnan has significant directionality and agglomeration,and the province as a whole shows a"three-core"distribution pattern,which is a combination of agglomeration and decen-tralized distribution pattern.The overall and local directionality is"northwest to southeast pointing".In terms of spatial distribution and agglomeration,high-density areas are mainly distributed in Honghe H ani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture(South Yunnan),Baoshan(West Yunnan),Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture and Lijiang(Northwest Yunnan).(3)The spatial distribution of traditional villages in Yun-nan is characterized by the mutual coupling of natural,humanistic,social and policy-oriented factors.Water reserves,per capita GDP,road mileage,the proportion of ethnic minorities and cultural diversity index are the main influencing factors.
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