Different concentrations of cyanobacterial sludge were used for anaerobic fermentation to produce volatile fatty acids(VFAs).It was found that the proportion of acetic acid increased after adding cyanobacterial sludge,but the proportion of propionic acid decreased,which had little effect on other acids.When the concentration of cyanobacteria sludge was 20%(w/v),the VFAs production was the highest,reaching 4.10 g/L;the higher the concentration of cyanobacteria sludge,the more acid pro-duced,and the more obvious the pH decreased.When the concentration of cyanobacteria sludge was 20%(w/v),the pH decreased by 2.12;total solids(TS),volatile solids(VS)and soluble protein de-creased significantly before and after fermentation,but the concentrations of soluble carbohydrates,SCOD and ammonia nitrogen increased,and acid-producing bacteria were more inclined to use proteins to produce VFAs.