Abstract
Sexual systems play important roles in angiosperm evolution and exhibit substantial variations among different floras.Thus,studying their evolution in a whole flora is crucial for understanding the formation and maintenance of plant biodiversity and predicting its responses to environmental change.In this study,we determined the patterns of plant sexual systems and their associations with geographic ele-ments and various life-history traits in dry-hot valley region of southwestern China,an extremely vulnerable ecosystem.Of the 3166 angiosperm species recorded in this area,74.5％were hermaphroditic,13.5％were monoecious and 12％were dioecious,showing a high incidence of diclinous species.Diclinous species were strongly associated with tropical elements,whereas hermaphroditic species were strongly associated with temperate and cosmopolitan elements.We also found that hermaphroditism was strongly associated with showy floral displays,specialist entomophily,dry fruits and herbaceous plants.Dioecy was strongly associated with inconspicuous,pale-colored flowers,generalist entomophily,fleshy fruits,and woody plants,whereas monoecy was strongly associated with inconspicuous,pale-colored flowers,anemophily,dry fruits,and herbaceous plants.In addition,hermaphroditic species with generalist entomophily tended to flower in the dry season,whereas diclinous species with specialist entomophily tended to flower in the rainy season.However,independent of sexual systems,plants that produce dry fruits tended to flower in the rainy season and set fruits in the dry season,but the opposite pattern was found for fleshy fruit-producing plants.Our results suggest that in the dry-hot valleys,plant sexual systems are associated with geographic elements as well as various life-history traits that are sensitive to environmental change.
基金项目
Key Projects of the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20149)
中国科学院战略规划重点项目(XDA20050203)
Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP)(2019QZKK0502)
国家自然科学基金(32371702)
国家自然科学基金(32071669)
国家自然科学基金(31770249)
West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Interdisciplinary Innovation Team Program(xbzgzdsys-202319)
Tenthousand Talents Program of Yunnan Province(YNWR-QNBJ-2018-208)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据