首页|野生动物相关生态环境损害赔偿制度的适用性分析

野生动物相关生态环境损害赔偿制度的适用性分析

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非法侵害野生动物资源不仅会造成野生动物资源自身的损害,还会引起野生动物生态功能退化等生态损害.司法实践中,野生动物相关生态环境损害往往不能得到全面救济.明晰行政索赔主体的职责,可以避免由于职责不清导致行使赔偿请求权时出现管辖范围不清、互相推诿的情况;认定损害赔偿范围综合考虑时间限度、空间限度、注重质量限度及多种主客观因素、区分野生动物生态环境修复费用和生态环境服务功能损失费用,可以最大限度地覆盖非法侵害野生动物资源造成的全部损害,实现野生动物维护生态系统平衡、保护物种、保持生物多样性、保存基因等多种生态功能丧失的完全赔偿;建立司法行政部门统一管理,司法鉴定、社会鉴定并存的多元化鉴定机制,能够统一鉴定标准、保证鉴定质量、维持鉴定秩序,科学合理地确定野生动物资源的生态损害价值;针对能够恢复生态功能的野生动物相关生态环境损害采用生态修复的责任方法,比单纯的金钱赔偿更有利于维持生物多样性、保护野生动物资源.
Analysis of the Applicability of the Compensation System for Wildlife-related Ecological Environment Damage
Illegal infringement of wildlife resources will not only cause damage to wildlife resources themselves,but also cause ecological damage such as degradation of wildlife ecological functions.In judicial practice,ecological environment damage to wildlife-related often cannot be fully remedied.Clarifying the responsibilities of administrative claim subjects can avoid unclear jurisdiction and mutual shirking of responsibilities when exercising the right to compensation.To determine the scope of compensation for damages,we should take into account time limits,space limits,quality limits and various subjective and objective factors,distinguishing the costs of wildlife ecological restoration and loss of ecological service func-tions,so as to maximize the coverage of the total damage caused by illegal encroachment on wildlife resources.The estab-lishment of a diversified appraisal mechanism with coexistence of judicial appraisal and social appraisal and managed by ju-dicial administration departments can unify appraisal standards,ensure appraisal quality,maintain appraisal order,and sci-entifically and reasonably determine the ecological damage value of wildlife resources.The ecological restoration method of liability for wildlife-related ecological environment damage that can restore ecological functions is more conducive to main-taining biodiversity and protecting wildlife resources than simple monetary compensation.

Wildlife protectionEcological environment da-mage compensationEcological environment res-toration value

邹丽梅、姜薇

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东北林业大学文法学院,哈尔滨,150040

野生动物保护 生态环境损害赔偿 生态环境修复价值

黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划年度项目黑龙江省教育科学规划重点课题(2023)

22FXB096GJB1423499

2024

野生动物学报
东北林业大学 中国动物园协会

野生动物学报

北大核心
影响因子:0.271
ISSN:1000-0127
年,卷(期):2024.45(1)
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