Liver Transcriptome Sequencing-based Adaptation to Hypoxia in Himalayan Marmot at Different Altitudes
To investigate the differences in gene expression in Himalayan marmot(Marmota himalayana)at three different altitudinal gradients and screen the candidate genes related to the adaptation of this species to the plateau low-oxygen and ultraviolet radiation environments,the non-referential transcriptomic analysis of liver tissues of M.himalayana were conducted by using the Illumina HiSeq-2500 high-throughput sequencing platform.By comparative analysis of the sequenc-ing data after quality control and the reference genome,we screened the differentially expressed genes and then performed GO functional annotation and KEGG enrichment analysis.The results showed that the differentially expressed genes in the liver tissues of M.himalayana in the Ledu sample group(low altitude area,LD)and Yushu sample group(high altitude area,YS)differed greatly,while the difference of differentially expressed genes of this species in the Gangcha sample group(medium altitude area,GC)was small compared with the other two groups(high altitude and low altitude areas).The up-regulated genes were significantly enriched in 19 GO Terms and six KEGG pathways,and the oxidative phosphorylation-related genes(HiF-1α,MPKA3),mineral uptake and lipid metabolism-related genes(PPARs)were up-regulated in the YS group.These genes may directly or indirectly play a role in the adaptation of M.himalayana to the ex-treme environment such as high altitude with low oxygen by adjusting the cellular metabolism,improving the redox capacity and enhancing the immune response to maintain their physiological functions and survival ability.The results of this study provide more genomic data for further research on genetic diversity of highland wildlife on hypoxic adaptation of M.himala-yana.
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