摘要
为全面了解和掌握海南东寨港国家级自然保护区红树林潮沟海陆蛙(Fejervarya cancrivora)种群数量及其动态变化,2020-2022年,在保护区不同片区潮沟内共设置34条样线,对海陆蛙种群数量进行调查和监测,分析保护区海陆蛙种群的致危因素,并提出保护和管理建议.调查表明:海陆蛙主要分布在管理局、道学和三江片区,而塔市和博度片区海陆蛙分布基本处于空白状态;3个年度海陆蛙种群密度基本一致,由高到低依次为三江、道学和管理局;2020年度三江种群密度为221.6只/hm2、道学164.7只/hm2和管理局137.4只/hm2,明显高于2022年度(三江151.2只/hm2、道学144.8只/hm2和管理局116.3只/hm2)和2021年度(三江113.2只/hm2、道学99.6只/hm2和管理局51.9只/hm2);2020-2022年三江、道学和管理局片区总的海陆蛙种群数量分别为6 498、3 357、4 847只.盐度高、水体污染、牡蛎附生和潮汐裸滩面积少等是导致海陆蛙在塔市和博度分布缺失的主要因素.非法捕捉、周边养殖塘包围及其导致的繁殖生境减少和污染是影响海陆蛙种群的致危因素.
Abstract
In order to understand the population abundance and dynamic of crab-eating frog(Fejervarya cancrivora)in the mangrove of Hainan Dongzhaigang National Nature Reserve,34 line transects were investigated in tidal ditches of man-grove from 2020 to 2022.Further,the risk factors affecting the frog population in the reserve were analyzed,and some sug-gestions on protection and management were informed.The results showed that crab-eating frogs mainly distributed in the regions of Management Bureau,Daoxue and Sanjiang,but absent in Tashi and Bodu.The population density of crab-eating frog was highest in Sanjiang,then in Daoxue and lowest in Management Bureau.The population density of Sanji-ang,Daoxue,Management Bureau were 221.6 individuals/hm2,164.7 individuals/hm2,137.4 individuals/hm2 respectively in 2020,which was significantly higher than that in 2022(151.2 individuals/hm2 in Sanjiang,144.8 individuals/hm2 in Da-oxue and 116.3 individuals/hm2 in Management Bureau)and 2021(113.2 individuals/hm2 in Sanjiang,99.6 individuals/hm2 in Daoxue and 51.9 individuals/hm2 in Management Bureau).The total population of Sanjiang,Daoxue and Manage-ment Bureau were 6,498,3,357,4,847 respectively from 2020 to 2022.Higher salinity,water pollution,epiphytic oyster and small tidal bare beach area were the main factors leading to the absence of crab-eating frog in Tashi and Bodu.The ille-gal capture,reduction of breeding habitats and pollution caused by aquaculture ponds are threatening factors to the popula-tions of crab-eating frog.
基金项目
海南省省属科研院所技术创新专项(SQKY2022-0036)
海南东寨港国家级自然保护区管理局项目(东护[2020]09号)
维普
万方数据