野生动物圈养繁育是目前国际野生动物保护的主流措施之一,但其对野外种群的实际保护影响却不甚明确.专家学者的态度观点有助于明晰圈养繁育的保护影响,而情感分析是判断个体态度观点的重要工具.因此,基于情感词典的方法,对国际野生动物繁育保护影响的相关文献摘要进行情感分析,通过检索Web of Science数据库,时间范围为自数据库建库(1900年)至2022年10月20日,筛选主要研究内容为野生动物繁育/圈养繁殖对保护的影响或作用,以及研究对象为脊椎动物的文献,最终纳入分析81篇.结果表明:(1)目前野生动物繁育对保护的影响研究正不断深入中,研究物种以哺乳动物为主;(2)学者对圈养繁育保护影响的态度比例为正面情绪占56.8％,负面情绪占37.0％,中立情绪占6.2％;(3)学者的情感态度与繁育物种有较大关联性,其中,红嘴山鸦(Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax)、灵长类、有蹄类以及食肉目动物为积极态度下的代表物种,消极态度下的代表物种主要有波斑鸨(Chlamydotis macqueenii)、穿山甲(Manis spp.)、虎(Panthera tigris)以及水生哺乳动物等,代表物种圈养繁育成功与否可能与人为干预适应度、繁育技术成熟度等有关;(4)学者对迁地保护种群繁育的积极情绪占比较高(63.6％),而对经营利用种群繁育的消极情绪占比较高(60.0％).综合以上分析,认为圈养繁育仍是目前物种保护的有效手段之一,迁地保护种群繁育或经营利用种群繁育均可以在一定条件下发挥积极作用.
Recognition Analysis of the Protective Effects of Captive Breeding Population of Wildlife from the Affective Perspective
Captive breeding of wild animals is one of the mainstream measures for international wildlife conservation at present,but its actual conservation impact on wild populations is not clear.The viewpoints and attitudes of experts and scholars can help to clarify the protective role of captive breeding,and sentiment analysis is an important tool to judge indi-vidual attitudes and viewpoints.Based on the sentiment lexicon method,this study conducts a sentiment analysis on the lit-erature abstracts related to the impact of international wildlife captive breeding and conservation.We searched the Web of Science database(1900-2022)for 81 articles on conservation impacts or effects of wildlife captive breeding and verte-brates.The literature analysis indicated that at present,the research on the impact of captive breeding of wildlife is continu-ing to deepen,and the species studied are mainly mammals.The proportion scholars'attitudes towards the impact of cap-tive breeding and protection was positive emptions(56.8％),negative emotions(37.0％),and neutral emotions(6.2％).The emotional attitudes of scholars were significantly related to breeding species.Red-billed chough(Pyrrhocoraxpyrrhoco-rax),primates,ungulates and carnivora were representative species with positive attitudes,while the Asian houbara(Chla-mydotis macqueenii),pangolins(Manis spp.),tigers(Panthera tigris)and aquatic mammals were representative species with negative attitudes.The success of captive breeding of representative species may be related to adaptability of human intervention and breeding technology maturity.The positive emotions of scholars on breeding of ex situ conservation popula-tion were relatively higher(63.6％),while the negative emotions on management and utilization population breeding were higher(60.0％).Based on the above analysis,it is concluded that captive breeding is still one of the effective means for wild animal conservation,and both breeding of ex situ conservation population and breeding of management and utilization population can play a positive role under certain conditions.
万方数据
维普
