Effect of Additives Concentration on the Electrodeposition Mechanism and Crystal Orientation of Zinc Powder
This paper addresses the problem of grain growth preferential orientation in the preparation of zinc powder by electrolytic method,and selects new additives to study the effect of preferential orientation on the deposition process.Tetra-n-butylammonium chloride(TBACl)was used as the research object,and electrochemical analysis and DFT theoretical calculations were used to deduce the zinc deposition mechanism,and the crystal orientation,particle size distribution and microscopic morphology were characterized by means of SEM,XRD and particle size analysis.At a current density of 600 A/m2,a temperature of 25 ℃,and an alkaline solution with a zinc concentration of 20 g/L,transient nucleation takes the reins of the zinc powder nucleation process,the adsorption energies of Zn(NH3)42+on the(101)and(002)surfaces stand at-3.56 eV and-1.84 eV respectively.These values tip the scale in favor of selective orientation along the(101)surface.The introduction of TBACl introduces a significant shift in the zinc deposition process.Aiding cathodic polarization,this additive exhibits a higher adsorption energy on the(101)surface.Its presence effectively isolates zinc adsorption on the(101)surface,yielding remarkable results.When the additive concentration reaches 20 mg/L,it ushers in the production of flaky zinc powders boasting a particle size of 32.44 μm and a remarkable texture coefficient of 66.73％on the(002)surface.This achievement holds substantial promise,particularly in the context of zinc ion batteries,where it offers a potential solution to the vexing problem of zinc dendrite formation.
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