Research Progress on Monitoring and Control of Laser Directed Energy Deposition Additive Manufacturing
Laser Directed Energy Deposition(LDED)is one of the key technologies in metal additive manufacturing,characterized by long-duration operations,continuous thermal cycling,and a layer-by-layer or track-by-track accumulation process.Under these conditions,ensuring long-term stability during the manufacturing process is a critical factor in overcoming the current application bottlenecks of this technology.Process monitoring and control are essential approaches to improving process stability in the manufacturing field.By detecting changes in the processing state during LDED in real time and preventing defect formation,the reliability of manufacturing quality can be significantly improved,and the risk of scrapping entire components due to localized defects can be avoided.Focusing on monitoring and control in LDED,this paper first reviews the current development of monitoring and control technologies in industrial-grade LDED equipment.Secondly,it analyzes the types of sensing signals available for LDED and their effectiveness in quality monitoring.Then,it elaborates on current control strategies and capabilities based on characteristics such as melt pool morphology,deposited layer geometry,and thermal features.Finally,the paper examines the challenges faced by monitoring and control technologies,proposing potential solutions aimed at advancing LDED technology to meet the manufacturing demands of high-end applications.
Additive ManufacturingDirected Energy DepositionProcess monitoringFeedback control
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