Experimental Study on Acid Leaching of a Copper Oxide Mine in Zambia
This paper takes the complex oxide copper deposit in Africa as the research object and conducts an acid leaching test.The ore has a complex composition,low copper grade,high combined copper oxide content and is mixed with some copper sulfide ores.It is a typical complex and difficult-to-process copper oxide ore.Process mineralogy research shows that the content of Cu,the main valuable component in the ore,is 1.26%,and copper-containing minerals are mainly copper oxide,with a distribution rate as high as 79.2% .The experiment analyzed the influence of grinding fineness,leaching acidity,leaching temperature and other factors on the copper leaching ef-fect and the dissolution behavior of impurities.The results show that under the conditions of an ore particle size of-200 mesh accounting for 75%,an initial acid concentration of 25 g/L,a leaching temperature of 65℃,a liquid-to-solid ratio of 2∶1,and a leaching time of 5 hours,the copper leaching rate reached 77.61% .The leaching temperature has a significant impact on the Cu leaching effect.The leach-ing rate of Fe,Al,Mg and other impurities also increases with the increase of leaching temperature.This is because the bound copper ox-ide content in the sample is high and relies heavily on the catalytic effect of temperature on the leaching reaction.Mineralogical analysis of the leaching residue shows that the copper-containing minerals in the leaching residue are mainly copper sulfide minerals such as chal-copyrite,bornite and chalcocite.The content of copper oxide minerals is extremely low,which is due to the difficulty of leaching the cop-per sulfide minerals themselves.The main reason for the low copper recovery rate is the oxidative leaching of copper sulfide ores.
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