Experimental study on energy reduction and wave descent of typical landslide-induced impulse waves
A large number of disasters caused by reservoir landslides are in the form of impulse waves in western China.If all landslides that may generate waves are prevented and controlled by current specifications,the economic cost is huge.Taking Shuipingzi #1 landslide in Baihetan reservoir as an example to carry out application demonstration in this paper,a three-dimensional physical prototype model experiment was constructed with a geometric scale of 1∶150,and landslide energy reduction and wave descent experiments were carried out to find more economical landslide-induced impulse wave risk reduction solution.Physical test shows that under extreme conditions of the impounding water level with 825 m above sea level combined with a Ⅷ-degree earthquake,the landslide would slide into Baihetan reservoir with the maximum speed of 7.37 m/s,and the maximum generated wave amplitude would be 7.59 m.The maximum runup around Xiangbiling community is about 3.5 m above the ground,which would seriously threaten the safety of the riverway with the length of more than 4.5 km and the safety of Xiangbiling community.As the removal volume increases from 10× 104 m3 to 47.9× 104 m3,the effect of reducing energy and wave becomes evident.Wave making energy transmitted from landslide decreases by about 94.8％,and the maximum wave amplitude and the maximum runup around the Xiangbiling decreased to 4.35 m and 1.73 m,respectively.The area with the impulse wave larger than 1 m is only distributed in the landslide course and the opposite bank of Jinsha River,and the risk of landslide-induced impulse wave decreases sharply.Based on this,this study proposed and discussed the feedback design mentality and the realization method of the safety margin of landslide-induced impulse wave risk reduction engineering design,which using the hazard degree of landslide-induce impulse wave as a measurement indicator,and recommended a risk reduction design scheme that can greatly reduce the economic cost of Shuipingzi #1 landslide treatment.The design mentality of risk reduction prevention for landslide-induced impulse wave is a useful supplement of landslide control specification,which has yet to be further developed and promoted.
slope engineeringBaihetan reservoirlandslide-induced impulse waverisk reductionphysical prototype model experimentwave-making energy
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