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Failure characterization of fully grouted rock bolts under triaxial testing

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Confining stresses serve as a pivotal determinant in shaping the behavior of grouted rock bolts.None-theless,prior investigations have oversimplified the three-dimensional stress state,primarily assuming hydrostatic stress conditions.Under these conditions,it is assumed that the intermediate principal stress(σ2)equals the minimum principal stress(σ3).This assumption overlooks the potential variations in magnitudes of in situ stress conditions along all three directions near an underground opening where a rock bolt is installed.In this study,a series of push tests was meticulously conducted under triaxial conditions.These tests involved applying non-uniform confining stresses(σ2 ≠ σ3)to cubic specimens,aiming to unveil the previously overlooked influence of intermediate principal stresses on the strength properties of rock bolts.The results show that as the confining stresses increase from zero to higher levels,the pre-failure behavior changes from linear to nonlinear forms,resulting in an increase in initial stiffness from 2.08 kN/mm to 32.51 kN/mm.The load-displacement curves further illuminate distinct post-failure behavior at elevated levels of confining stresses,characterized by enhanced stiffness.Notably,the peak load capacity ranged from 27.9 kN to 46.5 kN as confining stresses advanced fromσ2=σ3=0 to σ2=20 MPa and σ3=10 MPa.Additionally,the outcomes highlight an influence of confining stress on the lateral deformation of samples.Lower levels of confinement prompt overall dilation in lateral deformation,while higher confinements maintain a state of shrinkage.Furthermore,diverse failure modes have been identified,intricately tied to the arrangement of confining stresses.Lower confinements tend to induce a splitting mode of failure,whereas higher loads bring about a shift towards a pure interfacial shear-off and shear-crushed failure mechanism.

Rock boltsBolt-grout interfaceBond strengthPush testTriaxial tests

Hadi Nourizadeh、Ali Mirzaghorbanali、Mehdi Serati、Elamin Mutaz、Kevin McDougall、Naj Aziz

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Centre for Future Materials(CFM),School of Engineering,University of Southern Queensland,Toowoomba,QLD,4350,Australia

School of Engineering,University of Southern Queensland,Springfield Central,QLD,4300,Australia

School of Civil Engineering,University of Queensland,St Lucia,QLD,4072,Australia

School of Surveying and Build Environment,University of Southern Queensland,Toowoomba,QLD,4350,Australia

School of Civil,Mining & Environmental Engineering,University of Wollongong,Wollongong,NSW,2500,Australia

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School of Engineering,the University of Southern Queensland

2024

10.1016/j.jrmge.2023.08.013

岩石力学与岩土工程学报(英文版)
中国科学院武汉岩土力学所中国岩石力学与工程学会武汉大学

岩石力学与岩土工程学报(英文版)

CSTPCD
影响因子：0.404
ISSN：1674-7755
年,卷(期)：2024.16(3)
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