摘要
钴锍是冶炼钴的常用原料之一,其富含钴、铜、铁等成分,化学性质稳定,常规浸出方法无法有效溶出有价金属,而且其硬度大,磨料处理难度大.本文以进口的钴锍颗粒为研究对象,从磨矿设备选择、氯化浸出试验、验证试验和工业试验等方面系统考察了钴锍氯气酸浸处理工艺的可行性,得到以下主要结论:振动磨料能有效处理硬度大的钴锍颗粒,经磨料后钴锍的排矿粒度90%在150 μm以下,能耗为1.2 kg/kW·h;在15%盐酸与钴锍料液固质量比6∶1、拌速度60 r/min、反应温度 95℃、反应时间 8 h,并同时通入氯气的条件下,钴锍中铜、钴浸出率均达到 90%以上,铁浸出率达到 70%以上;工业试验中对磨料及浸出工序进行了优化,磨料能耗耗降至 4 kg/kW·h,铜、钴、铁浸出率均达到了 98%以上,效果提升显著.浸出液经针铁矿法除铁、萃取除铜后可以得到富钴溶液,而且浸出渣量小,能较好应用于工业化生产.
Abstract
Cobalt matte is one of the commonly used raw materials for cobalt smelting,which is rich in components such as cobalt,copper,and iron.Its chemical properties are stable,and conventional leaching methods cannot effectively dissolve valuable metals.Moreover,its hardness is high,making it difficult to treat abrasives.This article takes imported cobalt matte particles as the research object,and systematically examines the feasibility of the cobalt matte chlorine acid leaching treatment process from the aspects of grinding equipment selection,chloride leaching test,verification test,and industrial test.The main conclusions are as follows:vibration abrasive can effectively treat cobalt matte particles with high hardness,and the discharge particle size of cobalt matte after abrasive treatment is 90%below 150 μm,with a power consumption of 1.2 kg/kW·h;Under the conditions of a liquid solid mass ratio of 6∶1 between 15%hydrochloric acid and cobalt matte,a mixing speed of 60 r/min,a reaction temperature of 95℃,a reaction time of 8 hours,and the simultaneous introduction of chlorine gas,the leaching rates of copper and cobalt in cobalt matte reached over 90%,and the leaching rate of iron reached over 70%;In industrial experiments,the abrasive and leaching process were optimized,and the abrasive power consumption was reduced to4 kg/kW·h.The leaching rates of copper,cobalt,and iron all reached over 98%,with a significant improvement in the effect.After removing iron and copper by the goethite method,the leaching solution can obtain a cobalt rich solution,and the amount of leaching residue is small,which can be well applied in industrial production.
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