In-situ preparation and photothermal properties of black TiO2/steel slag/graphite porous materials
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本文以钛白粉为原料,钢渣为骨架,石墨为还原剂,淀粉为造孔剂,聚乙烯醇溶液为粘结剂,采用高温焙烧原位制备Black TiO2/钢渣/石墨多孔材料,并对其光热转换性能进行了系统研究.通过XRD、SEM、XPS和UV-Vis等手段对多孔材料的物相、微观结构、表面元素组成与价态和光吸收能力进行表征,同时测试了材料的孔隙率和光热性能.研究结果显示,多孔材料的主要物相由锐钛型TiO2、CaTiO3、C和Ca3Mg(SiO4)2组成,各物相之间边界清晰.通过高温焙烧,部分Ti4+被还原成Ti3+且形成氧空位,从而成功制备了 Black TiO2.孔隙率测试表明,淀粉配比为21.74％的多孔材料的孔隙率为30.5％,并拥有最小的禁带宽度.光热性能测试结果表明,随着淀粉配比的增加,多孔材料的水蒸发速率和蒸发效率均呈现出先显著提高后略有降低的规律;在TiO2、石墨粉、聚乙烯醇溶液和钢渣质量比固定为1∶1∶1∶4,淀粉配比为18.52％时,多孔材料水蒸发速率和光热转换效率分别可达1.47 kg·m-2·h-1和 69.18％.
Photothermal conversion is an effective solar energy utilization technology,and its efficiency depends on the light absorption capacity of photothermal conversion materials.In this paper,Black TiO2/steel slag/graphite porous materials were prepared in situ by high temperature calcination with titanium dioxide as raw material,steel slag as skeleton,graphite as reducing agent,starch as pore-forming agent and polyvinyl alcohol solution as binder.The phase,microstructure,surface element composition and valence state and light absorption ability of the porous materials were characterized by XRD,SEM,XPS and UV-Vis,and the porosity and photothermal properties were tested.The results of characterization and porosity show that the main phases of the porous materials are composed of anatase TiO2,CaTiO3,C and Ca3 Mg(SiO4)2,the boundaries between the phases are clear.During the calcination process,part of Ti4+on the crystal surface of TiO2 was reduced to Ti3+and oxygen vacancies were formed,which confirmed that TiO2 was transformed into Black TiO2.The porosity of the porous material with a starch ratio of 21.74％is 30.5％and has the smallest band gap.The results of photothermal performance test showed that with the increase of starch ratio,the water evaporation rate and evaporation efficiency of porous materials increased significantly at first and then decreased slightly;When the mass ratio of TiO2,graphite powder,polyvinyl alcohol solution and steel slag is fixed at 1∶1∶1∶4,and the starch ratio is 18.52％,the water evaporation rate and photothermal conversion efficiency of the porous material can reach 1.47 kg·m-2·h-1and 69.18％.
black TiO2black TiO2/steel slag/graphite porous materialsin-situ reparationhigh-temperature roastingphotothermal properties
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